the subfamily schistorophinae travassos, 1918 is revised. five species of schistorophus railliet, 1916 are recognized: (1) longicornis (hemprich and ehrenberg in schneider, 1866) with s. indica (sanwal, 1952) and s. limosae mawson, 1968 as its new synonyms; (2) s. skrjabini (vassilkova, 1926); (3) s. cirripedesmi rhzhikov and khokhlova, 1964 with s. brygooi petter, 1967 and s. lii daiya, bondarenko and gubanov, 1971 as its new synonyms; (4) s. cornutus sobolev, 1943a and (5) s. guschanskoi ablasov and chibichenko, 1962. redescriptions of s. longicornis, s. skrjabini and s. cirripedesmi are provided. schistorophus bicuspis (rudolphi, 1819), s. laciniatus (molin, 1860b) strongylus ambiguus rudolphi, 1802 and spiroptera sternae-hirundinis deslongchamps, 1824 are regarded as species inquirendae. one species, s. acanthocephalica (molin, 1860a) is considered a synonym of paracuaria adunca (creplin, 1846). four species are transferred to the following genera: (1) viktorocara capillaris (molin, 1860c) n. comb. (2) viktorocara aulieatina (skrjabin, 1916) n. comb. (3) stellocaronema spinulosus (molin, 1860c) n. comb. and (4) sciadiocara bihamata (mueller, 1897) n. comb.