this study examined the importance of cognitions in the feelings of self-control on task performance and on certain subjective states, via electromyographic (emg) biofeedback training. subjects in a "misled” emg feedback group were led to believe that they had successfully reduced their emg levels (induced cognition of self control); in actuality, the subjects in the misled group were yoked to subjects receiving feedback contingent oii their ovv'n emg levels; thus, the feedback received by the misled group ’vvas that of their contingent emg feedback counterparts. the effects of this treatment v/ere explored in relation to feelings of self control via rotter's i-e scale, emg task performance during two training trials, state-trait anxiety levels via the 3tate-tra.it anxiety inventory (stai), and other subjective states via some self-report questionnaires. these data were compared to those of the emg group receiving feedback contingent on their own emg levels and to a control group which was also yoked to the contingent feedback group, but who were informed that this was the case.