this thesis analyzes the role of beavers in ecological restoration and the environment. at the same time, it discusses controversies related to beavers and gives final recommendations. this paper analyzes the impact of north american and eurasian beavers on wetland habitats and some species populations by consulting and integrating a large amount of literature data, and summarizes the importance of beavers to ecological restoration and their negative effects on the ecological environment. at the same time, this paper makes a further comparative analysis of these two influences. the results show that from the current situation of the fragmentation of biological habitats and the continued increase in the number of endangered species, beavers have the ability to build dams and carry out other actions to protect biological habitats from damage to a certain extent; however, considering the aggravation of forest land degradation, the beaver restoration project is not conducive to the improvement of the forest land environment, and it will also affect the growth of some aquatic organisms. therefore, in order to promote the restoration of ecosystems by beavers and reduce the harm of beavers to related species, it is necessary to manage the population of beavers reasonably. this article provides a comprehensive literature on the role of beavers in ecological restoration and the environment, and at the same time it gives reasonable suggestions for the management and development of subsequent beaver restoration projects and lays the foundation for future ecological restoration programs.