in the last century, china chose a planned economic system and formulated a strategy for the development of heavy industry. the chosen strategy for heavy industry has given forestry a half-century task, both to provide capital for industrial development, and to provide a sustainable supply of timber for this industrial development, and to provide a sustainable supply of timber for this industrial development. long-term over-cutting has exhausted the forest resources in much of china. conflicts between economic, ecological and social objectives were acute. after 50 years of over-cutting, the economic, ecological and social objectives were not being satisfied. to solve these problems, china implemented the natural forest protection project (nfpp). nfpp focuses on the work of state-owned forests previously used for timber production.